Your free book to action animal rights Grr! Graphics for Animal Liberation How to Do Animal Rights - And Win the War on Animals About Chapter 1 Introduction to Doing Animal Rights 1. The Broad Setting 2. Mass Extinction 3. The Animal Holocaust Chapter 2 Know Your Animal Ethics & Animal Rights 1. Animal Ethics Background Ethics Importance of Animal Ethics Glossary Now a Biff From History How to Proceed? Ethical Theories Ethical Theories Compared Choosing an Ethical Theory Do Philosophical Ideas Work? 2. Animal Rights What are Animal Rights? Background to Animal Rights Major Dates for Rights Animal Rights Theory Fundamental Animal Ethical Positions Variations on Animal Rights Are Rights a Cure-all? Universal Declaration on Animals Arguments For & Against Animal Rights 3. Comparing Animal Philosophies Animal Ethics vs Animal Rights Animal Rights vs Animal Welfare Animal Rights vs Conservation Deep Ecology Conclusion Chapter 3 Campaigning Methods for Animal Rights 1. Introduction 2. Campaigning Where to Begin? Keeping Going Ten Essential Campaigning Tips More Tips 3. Civil Disobedience What Is Civil Disobedience Civil Disobedience & Animal Rights Arguments For & Against Civil Disobedience 4. Direct Action What is Direct Action? Examples of Animal Rights Direct Action Individual vs Mass Direct Action Sea Shepherd Conservation Society Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty The Battle of Brightlingsea Inset: Background to Brightlingsea Comparing Direct Actions Direct Action vs Civil Disobedience Efficacy of Direct Action 5. Action Planning What is an Action Plan? Why an Action Plan? Who Should Produce the Action Plan? Before You Begin Distinguish Operations From Administrations Creating Your Action Plan You Should Be Smart You Should Also SWOT Make It Happen Review It A Simple Action Plan Template 6. Lobbying Who Can Lobby? What & Whom to Lobby Start Lobbying How to Lobby Lobbying Techniques 7. Picketing What is Picketing? AR Picketing is Like Industrial Picketing How to Picket 8. Starting a Group What to Do? Name & Logo Finding Members A Constitution? The Group Committee Group Success Or Failure Newsletters Fundraising 9. Publicity 10. Leafleting Design Printing Distribution Posters & Placards Other Media 11.News Media Media Tips A Feature Article? The Letters Page News Release The Radio Radio Tips 12. Internet The Web Email Create Your Own Web Site Designing Your Web Site Capturing Viewers Discussion Boards Chapter 4 Activities for Animal Rights  1. Undercover Investigator  2. Video Activist  3. Animal Friendly Traveller  4. Preacher  5. Animal Rescuer  6. Investigative Reporter  7. Media Watcher  8. Philosopher  9. Flyer 10. Personal Activist 11. Animal Lawyer 12. Politician 13. Prisoner Supporter 14. Public & School Speaker 15. Aerial Snooper 16. Scientific Investigator 17. Solo Information Worker 18. Street Theatre Actor 19. Teacher 20. Voluntary Worker Abroad Chapter 5 The Law & Animal Rights 1. Terrorism Background Terrorism Defined Animal Extremism & Terrorism Does AR Extremism Work in Practice? 2. Violence or Nonviolence? Can We Justify Violence? Kinds of Violence Views For & Against Violence Is Violence Efficacious? Conclusion 3. The Law - US & Britain United States FBI vs Extremists Britain Extremist Tactics Establishment Fights Back 4. Police Arrest In the Street & At Your Door At the Police Station Your Tactics Know Your Rights Remaining Silent Your Lawyer Suing the Police Chapter 6 Assorted Animal Rights Activists 1.  Steven Best 2.  John Lawrence 3.  Andrew Linzey 4.  Richard Martin 5.  The McLibel Two 6.  Ingrid Newkirk 7.  Jill Phipps 8.  Henry Salt 9.  Henry Spira 10. Peter Singer 11. Tom Regan 12. Richard D Ryder Chapter 7 Animal Numbers Raised & Killed 1.  Summary 2.  Chickens 3.  Pigs 4.  Beef Cattle 5.  Fish 6.  Meat Consumption 7.  Fur-bearers 8.  Experimental Animals Chapter 8.  Extras! 1.  Mutilations of Farm Animals 2.  The Five Freedoms 3.  Painism 4.  The Forgotten Fur 5.  The Golden Rule 6.  Human Overpopulation 7.  Climate Change 8.  Think Like an Animal Appendix 1 World Scientists' Warning to Humanity. Appendix 2 Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare.

How to Do Animal Rights - And Win the War on Animals Chapter 8 Extras 6. Climate Change The average temperature of Earth's air and sea is warming. This is called global warming or climate change. Climate change is the greatest burden on our moral behaviour because we are responsible for it. We can see climate change happening all around us, from melting Polar ice caps, to dissolving permafrost and increasingly serious regional storms, to changes in wild animal behaviour. Earth's climate naturally changes slowly over thousands of years in response to changes in solar activity, Earth's orbit around the Sun, volcanic emissions, and other natural phenomena. But climate change is happening very fast, too rapidly for species to adapt to the changing conditions. Consequently, global warming will wipe out millions of species. The Greenhouse Effect Climate change is powered by the greenhouse effect. The land and sea absorb most of the Sun's heat reaching Earth. The heat then passes to the atmosphere and is lost to outerspace. However, some of the heat gets trapped by certain gases in the atmosphere and remains next to Earth's surface. The effect is natural and without it Earth would be too cold for life to evolve the way it has. One of the first people to recognise the greenhouse effect was Frenchman Jean-Baptiste Fourier in the 1820's. He coined the analogy with a greenhouse. The window panes of a greenhouse are like Earth's atmosphere. They allow the Sun's warmth in but prevent some warmth getting out, raising the temperature of the greenhouse. Several gases in the atmosphere contribute to the greenhouse effect. Currently humans annually release 22 billion tons of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air. For more about gases see below: Appendix: The Main Greenhouse Gases. Cataclysms in the Offing Climate change can trigger cataclysmic events within the next 200 years. Greenland Ice Sheet Meltdown The ice sheet covering Greenland is Earth's second largest ice cap, containing about 10 percent of the world's fresh water. It is currently melting and can raise the sea level at least six metres (about 20 feet). The rising sea will engulf lowland coastal areas where countless creatures and billions of people live, including Shanghai, London, New York, Mumbai and Sidney. Millions of people and animals will be forced to move to higher land. Species that cannot migrate will go extinct as they drown. Gulf Stream Switch-off The Gulf Stream (also know as the Atlantic Conveyor) is a major current in the Atlantic between the Caribbean and Europe. It conveys 20 times more water than all the rivers on land. Within its body of water it carries heat and distributes it to the atmosphere across the globe. The Gulf Stream can shut off swiftly and permanently by ice cold water from the melting Arctic and Greenland Ice Sheet colliding with it. If this happens, North-west Europe would suddenly be thrust into an uninhabitable Arctic climate. A mass die off of most fauna and flora in Europe would be inevitable and millions of people would be forced to migrate south that would cause massive civil conflict and wildlife destruction. The climatic change would not be confined to Europe but impact on other parts of the world because all parts of Earth's climate are connected. Permafrost Melt Permafrost is ground a few inches below the surface that is normally constantly frozen solid, although the top few inches can thaw in summer. Permafrost occupies up to a fifth of Earth's land surface, circling the globe mostly in the far Northern Hemisphere. In some places it is around 1,000 m (3,000 feet) thick. The permafrost contains enormous amounts of carbon dioxide and methane. When the permafrost thaws it will release massive amounts of these gases into the atmosphere precipitously speeding up global warming with no control possible. Amazon Conflagration Climate change could dry up the Amazon rain forest turning it into one huge combustion holocaust. Since trees are made mostly of carbon, a burning Amazon will release vast amounts of carbon into the atmosphere suddenly driving up global warming. The majority of land animal and plant species live in rain forests. When the Amazon is destroyed most terrestrial species will die with it. Ocean Death The surface of the sea absorbs carbon dioxide from the air above it. Increasing amounts of carbon dioxide in the air will turn the oceans into a dilute acid (carbon dioxide plus sea water makes carbonic acid, HCO3) and most marine life will perish - from microscopic plankton to coral reefs and whales. This death by acidification is already happening. Methane Hydrates Release Methane hydrates are vast quantities of frozen methane gas under the sea floor. There could be trillions of tonnes of it. Rising temperatures in the sea will trigger its release to surge up as methane gas into the atmosphere. Earth's warming climate will get an abrupt gigantic boost. Methane is several times more powerful as a global warming gas than carbon dioxide. When this happens, global warming will be out of all control and a mass extinction off of life inevitable. Biosphere Wipe-Out How will global warming leave the Earth? The cumulative effect of all these cataclysmic events when they happen will be a climate change that destroys the biosphere, the realm of all living things between the atmosphere above and the lithosphere of rock below. Without the Arctic ice, creatures dependent on it will die off. As the jungles dry up most land species on Earth will vanish. The oceans and almost all life in them will be dead. Virtually all life on Earth will come to an end. Possibly the only life to survive might be some micro-organisms adapted to live in extreme environments. Can We Stop Climate Change? Once changes to large bodies, like the oceans and ice caps, are set in motion they take hundreds of years to slow down and stop. Nevertheless, some people hope to avoid the worst scenario: global warming accelerating so fast that it is impossible to slow. But can we slow global warming significantly? Politicians say we can reduce global warming without giving up our standard of living or aspiration for a higher standard. This is false because slowing global warming depends on: The amount of global warming fuel (oil, wood, etc) that humanity uses. The number of people on Earth and its rate of increase. New technology saving us. Enormously costly and widespread unpopular economic changes. But humanity continues to use fossil fuels and shows no sign of seriously limiting its usage. Humanity's population is approaching seven billion and increasing fast without control. New technology is a reverie; it does not exist and probably could not be delivered in time if it were invented. And no one is going to give up resources unless the other guy/country does so first; people cannot divest themselves of theirbiological imperative to behave in their own short-term self-interests. What you can do as an animal rights activist You can try and make change happen by joining organisations involved with climate change. At a personal level you can do two major things: do not make babies (more people - more destruction) and give up your car (10 to 25 percent of carbon emissions come from motor vehicles). Set a good example to others. Appendix: The Main Greenhouse Gases Here is a round-up of the most important gases that contribute to global warming. Earth's atmosphere is almost entirely: Nitrogen - 78 percent Oxygen - 21 percent Some gases other than nitrogen and oxygen in Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the Sun and are called greenhouse gases. Some occur naturally in varying amounts and others are man-made. They include: Water vapour - less than 4.0 percent Carbon dioxide - less than 0.035 percent Methane - less than 0.0002 percent Nitrogen oxide - minute quantity Once in the atmosphere greenhouse gases remain there from about ten years to thousands of years, depending on the gas. Water vapour This is water in its state as a gas. It is normally invisible but you can feel it as humidity in the air and see it as clouds in the sky and steam from your boiling kettle and hot bath. It is the most effective gas for retaining the Sun's warmth (holding about 60 percent of Earth's natural greenhouse gas warming). You can feel the warmth noticeably when comparing cloudy versus clear nights; clouds trap the Sun's heat. Its chemical formula is H2O, that is it consists of particles made up of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. Carbon dioxide A colourless, odourless gas. There is relatively little carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (0.035 percent) but it is the most important greenhouse gas after water vapour and the most important man-made greenhouse gas. Human activities have released more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than any other gas and it contributes most to man-made global warming. About 80 percent of the carbon dioxide people add to the atmosphere currently comes from burning fossil fuel (coal, oil and gas). Most of the rest comes from land use, such as clearing forests, agriculture and ranching. Because of the importance of carbon dioxide climate scientists take it as the standard for comparing the global warming potential of gases with each other. Carbon dioxide is set as one unit. The time taken for an amount of carbon dioxide to disappear from the atmosphere is 200-450 years. Plants are built largely from carbon. Plants remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to build their bodies from it. Fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas) were originally mainly plants, which is why burning fossil fuel releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the air. Conversely, by growing plants (for instance forests) you can remove carbon dioxide from the air. Animals get their carbon by eating plants and incorporating plant carbon into their bodies. When animals and plants decay or burn, their carbon combines with oxygen and is released into the air as carbon dioxide. Its chemical formula is CO2 (ie particles consisting of one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen). Methane A colourless and odourless gas. Its atmospheric concentration has more than doubled since the industrial revolution (ie post 1750). It has about 20 times the global warming power of carbon dioxide. Time taken for an amount to disappear from the atmosphere is about 12 years. Numerous human activities produce methane, for instance it is produced at coal mines, gas and oil wells and it evolves from decomposing garbage landfills. Like carbon dioxide, it is a natural by-product of the decomposition of once living creatures. (Animals and humans also produce it in their guts. Farting cattle (1.3 billion worldwide) have been seriously questioned as a factor contributing to global warming. It is claimed that 90 percent of New Zealand's greenhouse gas emissions comes from it's 40 million sheep. Chemical formula is CH4 (ie it consists of particles with one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen). Nitrous oxide Produced by natural processes and human activity, for instance agriculture (released by fertilisers), industry and fossil fuel burning. There is little in the atmosphere but it lasts 100 times longer than carbon dioxide and its global warming potential is hundreds of times greater. It is the same as 'laughing gas', administered by dentists as an analgesic. Its chemical formula is N2O (ie it consists of particles made of two atoms of nitrogen and one atom of oxygen). Other Gases Some gases in the atmosphere are entirely man-made, generated by industry. Although they exist in the atmosphere in minute quantities they are nevertheless powerful greenhouse gases contributing to global warming with lifetimes from a few years to tens of thousands of years. Among these greenhouse gases are the halocarbons: groups of gases containing chlorine and fluorine, like chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC's). Links to Web Sites About Global Warming Pew Center on Global Climate Change Europa: climate change United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) WWF - about global warming. US Environmental Protection Agency: global warming

How to Do Animal Rights - And Win the War on Animals. First published on the Web: April 2008. © Roger (Ben) Panaman, April 2008. All rights reserved.